Anti-rap cylindrical lock



May 27, 1958 P. P. KUBIK ETAL 2,836,452

ANTI-RAP CYLINDRICAL Locx Filed April 27. 1953 4 Sheets-Sheet l May 27, 1958 P. P. KUBiK ETAL 2,836,452

ANTI-RAP CYLINDRICAL LOCK Filed April 27. 1953 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATT'oRNEY May 27, 1958 P. P. KUBIK ET AL ANTI-RAP CYLINDRICAL LOCK 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed April 27, 1953 y 1958 P. P. KUBIK EIAL ANTI-RAP CYLINDRICAL LOCK 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed April 27, 1953 WWI/filly I V m L.

United States Patent Gfiice 2,836,452 assented May 27, 1958 ANTI-RAP CYLINDRICAL LOCK Paul P. Kubik, Germantown, and Raymond W. Schmid, Philadelphia, Pa., assignors to The Yale Towne Manufacturing Company, Stamford, Conn, a corporation of Connecticut Application April 27, B53, Serial No. 351,124

Claims. (Cl. 292169) This invention relates to a cylindrical lock of that type in which the locking mechanism is mounted in two housings that are assembled within openings formed in a door. One housing, called the latch housing, is inserted into an opening in the edge of the door, the other housing, called the spindle housing, being inserted through a transverse opening in the side of the door. The latch housing has a usual latch bolt together with a latch bolt tail extending outwardly through its inward end. The spindle housing is adapted to interlock with the latch housing when the two housings are inserted into their respective openings, and simultaneously a retractor carried by the spindle housing interlocks with the latch bolt tall.

The retractor is adapted for movement between a projected position corresponding to a projected position of the latch bolt, and a retracted position corresponding to retraction of the latch bolt, and movement from a projected position to a retracted position is imparted thereto by a pair of sleeves rotatably mounted in the spindle housing. One of these sleeves is an inside sleeve and is adapted for rotation by an inside knob. The other sleeve is the outside sleeve and is adapted for rotation by an outside knob. The outside knob may carry a lock mechanism, and the inside knob may carry a suitable push piece for locking the outside knob, whereupon the key operation of the lock mechanism will move the retractor independently of the outside knob and the outside sleeve.

The push piece to which we have referred, is variously operated in some locks being moved inwardly by a push button to lock the outside knob and the outside sleeve, and retained in this inward position by a dogging mechanism. In other types of locks the push piece may be retained inwardly by what is known as a turn button; that is, a button that first moves the push piece inwardly and is then turned into locking position to hold the push piece in locking relation to the outside knob and sleeve.

Locks of the general type that we have just set forth are well known in the art and are shown in a number of issued patents as well as applications for patents now pending in the Patent Ofiice. We have found that a lock of the particular class may be attacked successfully when the outside knob is locked, through utilization of the shock that may be imparted from the outside tube to the retractor. Thus, anyone striking the outside tube in a horizontal direction when the lock is applied to a door in a conventional manner, will impart shock or momentum to the retractor, and this momentum or shock will actually propel the retractor in a retracting direction. When the retractor controls the dogging of the push piece in looking position, the push piece is actually released and the outside knob is free to rotate.

However, when the push piece is not controlled by the retractor, as when it is thumb turn actuated, it is possible through the momentum applied to the retractor, to retract the latch bolt. To do this, pressure is applied to the door in an opening direction, and this pressure immediately reacts against the latch bolt. The outside knob is then struck to impart rearward movement to the retractor through the shocking of the retractor, and the latch bolt will be retracted partially by the retractor. Due to the maintenance of pressure against the door, the latch bolt, though retracted insufliciently to open the door, will stay thus partially retracted because it is held by the pressure exerted against the door. A second sharp blow is struck, and then a third and possibly a fourth, and the several retractive increments of movement finally bring the latch bolt to a fully retracted position, and the door is opened.

It is the object of our invention to contribute to a lock of the class described a construction that will prevent the attack thereof in the manner we have just outlined. All this must naturally be accomplished without in any way affecting the operation of the lock or complicating its construction, since locks of the particular class are manufactured in large quantities for general distribution to the public, and must be both inexpensive and yet capable of long life and service. More particularly, it is important that the knob relationship be maintained as in present locks, and that the knob action be relatively light, and that the knobs be held yieldingly in normal central positions.

We believe that the invention set forth in this application very well solves the particular problem that we have outlined. In brief, our invention establishes a disconnection between the outer sleeve and the retractor so that any shock imparted to the sleeve will not react on the retractor. This can naturally be accomplished by establishing a functional and/or physical spacing between the outside sleeve and the retractor so that the outside sleeve must rotate some distance before contacting the retractor. However, in locks of the particular class the outside knob must be held in a particular central position when unlocked, in order to give the proper feel to the operation of the knob secured to the outside sleeve. In addition, the outside sleeve must be particularly aligned relatively to the means for locking the outside sleeve against rotation, and heretofore it has been the function of the retractor to do this. In our invention, we provide centering means for the outside sleeve holding the outside sleeve in particular relation to the locking mechanism While simultaneously separating the sleeve physically and functionally from the retractor so that it is impossible to impart shock from the sleeve to the retractor.

We have thus outlined rather broadly the more important features of our invention in order that the detailed description thereof that follows may be better understood, and in order that our contribution to the art may be better appreciated. There are, of course, additional features of our invention that will be described hereinafter andwhich will form the subject of the claims appended hereto. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the conception on which our disclosure is based may readily be utilized as a basis for the designing of other structures for carrying out the several purposes of our invention. It is important, therefore, that the claims be regarded as including such equivalent constructions as do not depart from the spirit and scope of our invention, in order to prevent the appropriation of our invention by those skilled in the art.

Referring now to the figures:

Fig. 1 is an exploded view of certain parts of our lock best illustrating the construction of one form of our invention.

Fig. 2 is a vertical cross section through the spindle housing of a lock embodying our invention.

Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the catch utilized for .gether with the springs and centering pieces carried by the catch.

Fig. 4 is a horizontal se'ction'through the retractor and catch taken with the section line through the catch being substantially along lines 44 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 be section taken along lines 5 -5 of Fig. 4, 'but' showing the spindle housing and its connection with the latch housing.

Fig. 6 is a similar section taken along lines 66 of iFig. 4. Fig. 7 is .a section of our invention. 7

Fig. '8 shows in end view each of the two sleeves utilized inthe modification of Fig. 7. t V

Fig. 9 is a section showing centering means for the outside sleeve, that being the right hand sleeve in Fig. 8.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings, and particularly to Fig. 1, reference numerals 1t), 11 denote the two parts of our spindle housing which, when assembled to one another, as shown in Fig. 2, provide a central enlarged portion for the movement ofthe retractor 12 from a projected position shown in Figs. 5 and'6, to a retracted position that is not illustrated, but which 'willbe understood by those skilled .in the art. The re-.

similar to Fig. 4 of a modified form tractor slides relatively to the spindle housing between :plates 13 and '14, best seen in Fig; 1, each of these plates forming a bearing for the mounting of a sleeve. Thus, the outside plate 14 carries theaoutside sleeve 15, as is best seen in Figs. 1 and 2, while the inside plate 13 carries the inside sleeve 16.

The outside sleeve 15 has secured thereto an outside knob 17 that carries lock mechanism actuated by a key 18, this lock mechanism terminating in a part 19 that 7 is rotatable through the key 18 to move a tongue 20' that in turn rotates the short sleeve 21, best seen in Fig. 1. The purpose of the short-sleeve 21 is to retract the retractor when the outside sleeve 15 is locked in a -manner to be presently set forth. The inside sleeve 16', as best seen in Fig. 2, carries an inside knob 25, and the particular knob illustrated by us carries a push button .26 secured to the push piece 27. Push piece 27 is adapted for movement from the position of Fig. 2 inwardly of the knob 25, so as to enter a slot 15a formed in the outside sleeve 15, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4, while simultaneously entering a notch 14a, Fig. l, in the outside plate 14, whereby to lock the outside sleeve 15 to the outside plate 14 against rotation.

Insofar as we'have described our construction, it is hasically old in the art and our invention will be best understood from a review of the-manner in which we have changed the usual standard construction, or added thereto.

The particular push piece 27 shown in Fig. 2, is adapted when moved inwardly tobeheldagainst releasing movement by what we term a dog 'or catch 28. Dog or catch 28 is equipped with a detent portion 29, as best seen in Figs. 1, 3 and 4, cooperating with the push piece 27 to hold the push piece in locking position. The particular construction of the push piece will not be emphasized in detail here, because the manner in which it is locked by the catch is not the essence of this inven- -tion, it being merely necessary to understand that when a retracting sleeve .is that relationship existing in our invention between the inside sleeve 16 and the retractor 12. Thus, the retractor is formed with a forward wall 33, as best seen in Figs. 4 and 6 aswell as in Fig. 1, it being against the rear side of this forward wall that the catch 28 presses'for maintaining the retractor in its projected position of Figs. 5' and 6. The insidesleeve is formed with camming lugs 34, best seen in Fig. l, and these camming lugs, as illustrated in Fig.6, operate against the forward wall 33 of the retractor.- This is also shown very much enlarged in Fig. 4. lt'will be quite obvious from Fig; 4, that if the sleeve 16 were shocked through the striking of a sharp blow against the inside' knob 25, the camming lugs 34 would tend to impart sharp retractive force to the wall 33 of the retractor 12 to move the retractor in a rearward direction.

Referring nowmore' particularly again to Figs. 5 and 6,

it will there be noted that the two halves 10,11 of the spindle housing are assembled to ears 35 forming part of the latch housing indicated generaliy by reference number 37, and having mounted therein a latch bolt 38 and a trigger bolt 39. It will be noted also in that figure that the latch bolt 38 isformed with atail 40 bolt is not fully retracted by one shock, it will be partially retracted by that shock and held retracted throughthe pressure exerted against the door A seriesof shocks-will bring the latch bolt intofull retracted position.

Of course, it is not necessary to protect the lock against shocking-by the inside sleeve 16, and therefore, the construction of our lock isinot intendedto prevent such shocking. We do, however,prevent-attack-of'the lock-by'the outside tube "15 and its camrning lugs 42. "Similarly, we prevent such shocking action by the retracting surfaces 43 of the lock operated short sleeve 21, In the preferred form of our lock, the retractor 28is so formed that the forward surface 44 thereof that would normally cooperate with camming lugs 42 and surfaces 43 is setback asbest seen in Fig. 4 relatively to the forward wall 33 of the tretractor. Thus,.in the conventional retractor the surface 44 would lie along the same line as the forward wall 33. By setting the surface 44 back, it is obvious that any shocking of the sleeves '15 and 21 will not-be'transmitted to the retractor 12.

The centering of the sleeves 15 and 21 is accomplished through the centering pieces 31 that we have already described generally with regard to Fig. 3. These centering pieces, it will be remembered, are equipped'with openings 45 whereby they may he slipped over the ears 30 of the dog or catch 28 and held thereagainst by springs 32 that function further to hold the retractor in its projected position of'Figs. 4, 5 and 6. The surfaces 46 of the-centering pieces 31 are then maintained in the position of the push piece is moved inwardly to lock the outside 7 .sleeve to, the plate 14, .it is held against releasing move- .ment by catch 28. a

Catch 28 carries apair' of ears 30, each of which sup- -portsa centering piece 31, held thereagainst by a spring 32. The two springs 32 not only function to hold the centering pieces on the ears 30, :but also serve. through the pressure exerted against the cars 30 and the catch 28 to move the retractor yielding into its position of Figs. 5 and 6. This is possible because the catch 28 fits within a pocket of the retractor as is quite apparent'from viewing Figs 1, 4, 5 and 6. t

The conventional relationship'between a retractor and Fig. 4, and in the position well illustrated in Fig. 5, for coaction with camming lugs 42 and cam surfaces-43 of the sleeves 15 and 21 respectively. The centering pieces 31, therefore, act yieldingly through the springs 32 to hold the sleeves 15 and 21 in a centered position so that the sleeve 15 may be locked through movement of the push piece 27 into the slot 15a of the sleeve 15 for keeping that sleeve to the plate 14. Also, the centeringpieces resist rotation of the outside knob and maintainit yieldthe outside sleeve 15, this shocking will be accepted by. the yielding centering pieces 31 and no motion willlbe imparted to the retractor 12. However, if the outside sleeve 15 is rotated, one or the other of the camming lugs 42 will first move one of the centering pieces against the pressure of a spring 32 until the camming lug strikes the surface 44 of the retractor and then moves the retractor rearwardly to retract the latch bolt. We think it will now be clearly and well understood that it is impossible in our invention to shock successfully theretractor 12 through the outside sleeve 15, but that through our mechanism the ordinary desired operation of a lock of the particular class is retained.

In Figs. 7, 8 and 9 we show a modified form of our invention in which the retractor 12m is equipped with a single forward surface 33m against which are adapted to coact the camming lugs 34m of the inside sleeve 16m. To prevent shocking of the retractor by the outside sleeve 15m, we form the camrning lugs 42m of the outside sleeve so that in the centered position of the said sleeve, the camming lugs 42m are spaced from the forward surface 33m of the retractor. It is now obvious that any shocking action imparted to the outside sleeve 15m cannot possibly be transferred through camming lugs 42m to the retractor 12m.

The outside sleeve 15m is maintained with its locking slot 28m in proper alignment to the locking slot 29m of the outside plate 14 by a centering spring 50, best illustrated in Fig. 9. This centering spring is coiled about the sleeve 15m and has ears 51 and 52 cooperating with a stop lug 53 carried by one of the case halves 1G or 11. A lug or pin is carried by the sleeve m, and it is obvious that whether or not the sleeve is rotated clock- Wise or counterclockwise from the position of Fig. 9, it is always restored to the position of Fig. 9 by the spring 5%. Of course, in the position of Fig. 9, the inner end of the sleeve 15m is aligned relatively to the other parts of the look, as illustrated in Pig. 7.

We believe that with this description of the particular modification of our invention, its operation and function will be entirely understood. It is thought that the very considerable merits of the broad invention will be fully appreciated by those skilled in the art and who have been well aware of the existence for many years of the particular problem we have now solved.

We new claim:

1. In a lock of that class adapted for mounting on a door and having a sliding bolt retractor that is spring pressed in a direction corresponding to the thrown position of the bolt retracted by the retractor, together with inside and outside rotating means extending toward the retractor from corresponding sides of the door and formed with surraces for impinging on the retractor for sliding the retractor in a retracting direction, said means including an inside and an outside knob sleeve rotating in an axis lying 'iin the retractor, the lock further having means for lo g the outside knob sleeve in a normal position when the retractor is in position corresponding I to the thrown position of the bolt, the improvement that comprises said surfaces on the outside rotating means formed to lie in displaced relation to the retractor when the outside knob sleeve is in said normal position, yielding means pressing the outside knob sleeve toward its normal position whereby to contribute yielding operation of that sleeve prior to the impingement of the displaced surfaces on the retractor, and sai surfaces when in their displaced rela ion contributing lost motion between the outside rotating means and retractor whereby shocks applied to said means will not impart bolt retracting movements to the retractor.

2. In a. lock of that class adapted for mounting on a door and having a sliding bolt retractor that is spring pressed in a direction corresponding to the thrown position of the bolt retracted by the retractor, together with inside and outside rotating means extending toward the retractor from the corresponding sides of the door and formed with surfaces for impinging on the retractor for sliding the retractor in retracting direction, said means including an inside and an outside knob sleeve rotating in an axis lying within the retractor, a push piece moving on the lock for locking the outside knob sleeve in a normal position, and means on the retractor for clogging the push piece in locking position when the retractor is-in position corresponding to the thrown position of the bolt, the improvement that comprises said surfaces on the outside rotating means formed to lie in displaced relation to the retractor when the outside knob sleeve is in said normal position, yielding means pressing the outside knob sleeve toward its normal position whereby to enable that sleeve to be locked by the push piece, and said surfaces when in their displaced relation contributing lost motion between the outside rotating means and retractor whereby shocks applied to said means will not act by moving the retractor to release the push piece from looking position relatively to the outside knob sleeve.

3. In a lock of that class adapted for mounting on a door and having a sliding bolt retractor that is spring pressed in a direction corresponding to the thrown position of the bolt retracted by the retractor, together with inside and outside rotating means extending toward the retractor from the corresponding sides of the door and formed with surfaces for impinging on the retractor for sliding the retractor in a retracting direction, said means including an inside and an outside knob sleeve rotating in an axis lying within the retractor, and means on the lock for locking the outside knob sleeve in a normal position when the retractor is in position corresponding to the thrown position of the bolt, the improvement that comprises said surfaces on the outside rotating means formed to lie in displaced relation to the retractor when the outside sleeve is in said normal position, yielding means acting between the retractor and outside knob sleeve when said surfaces are in displaced relation to the retractor whereby to contribute yielding operation of that sleeve prior to the impingement of the displaced surfaces on the retractor, and said surfaces when in their displaced relation contributing lost motion between the outside rotating means and retractor whereby shocks applied to said means will not impart bolt retracting movements to the retractor.

4. In a lock of that class adapted for mounting on a door and having a sliding bolt retractor that is spring pressed in a direction corresponding to the thrown position of the bolt retracted by the retractor, inside and outside rotating means extending toward the retractor from the corresponding sides of the door, surface portions on the retractor on which each inside and outside rotating means impinge for sliding the retractor in a retracting direction, said means including an inside and an outside knob sleeve rotating in an axis lying within the retractor, and means on the lock for locking the outside knob sleeve in a normal position when the retractor is in position corresponding to the thrown position of the bolt, the improvement that comprises the retractor formed with its surface portion against which the outside rotating means impinges spaced inwardly from the portion against which the inside means impinge, said portion that is spaced inwardly thereby lying in displaced relation to the outside rotating means when the outside knob sleeve is in its said normal position, yielding means pressing the outside knob sleeve toward its normal position whereby to contribute yielding operation of that sleeve prior to the impingement of the outside rotating means on the retractor, and said inwardly spaced retractor portion and outside rotating means by their displaced relation contributing lost motion whereby shocks applied to said means will not impart bolt retracting movements to the retractor when the outside knob sleeve is locked.

5. in a lock of that class adapted for mounting on a door and having a sliding bolt retractor that is spring pressed in a direction corresponding to the thrown position of the bolt retracted by the retractor, together with inside and outside rotating means extending toward the 7 .7 retractor-from, the corresponding sides of the door and formed with surfaces tor-impinging; on -'the;retractor for slidingxthe retractor in a retracting direction, said means including an inside and an outside knob'js'leeve rotating in an "axis 'lyingwithin the retractor, a push piece on the lock for lockiing the outside knob sleeve in anormal centered position, and means on the re'tractor effective to dog the 'push'piece'inlocking position when the ret-r'actor is in position corresponding to the thrown position or" the bolt, the improvement that comprises said surfaces on the outside rotating means formed to lie in displaced relation to the retractor whenthe outside knob sleeve is in its centered position, centering means on the retractor pressing the outside knob sleeve. yieldingly toward its centered position whereby to contribute yielding opera tion'of that sleeve prior to the impingement of the displaced surfaces on the tretractor, and said centering means by yielding contributing lost motion between the outside rotating means and retractor whereby shocks applied to said means will notmove the retractor out of dogging relation to the push piece. 7 a i 6. In a lock of that class adapted for mounting one door and having a sliding bolt retractor that is spring pressed in a direction corresponding to the thrown position'of the bolt retracted by the retractor, inside and outside rotating means extending toward the retractor from the corresponding sides of 'the'door, surface portions on the retractor on which'each inside and outside means impinge "for sliding the retractor in a retracting directiomsaid means-including an inside and an outside knob sleeve rotating'in an axis lying within the retractor, and means on the lock for locking the outside knob sleeve in a normal centered position when the retractor is in position corresponding to the thrown position of'the bolt, the improvement that comprises the retractor formed with its surface portion against which the outside rotating means impinges parallel to and spaced inwardlyfrom the portion againstwhich the inside means impinge, said portion that is spaced inwardly'thereby'lying in displaced relation to the outside rotating means when the outside sleeve is in its centered position, centering means on the retractor pressing the outside knob sleeve yieldingly toward its centered position whereby to contribute yielding operation of that sleeve prior to the impingement of the outside rotating means on the retractor, and said centering means by yielding contributing lost motion between the outside rotating 'means and retractorwhereby shocks applied to said means will not impart bolt retracting movements to the retractor when the outsideknob sleeve 'islocked i 7'. in a lock ofthat 'cl'ass adapted 'for mounting on a door andfhaving 'a sliding bolt'retractor that is spring pressed ina direction corresponding to the thrown posi- .tion of the bolt retracted by'the retractor, together with insideand outside knob-sleeves extending toward the retractor from the corresponding sides of the'door and rotating in an axislying within the retractor, each 'knob sleeve impinging -on the retractor for sliding the retractor in a retracting direction, and said lock further having centering means pressing the outside knob sleeve yieldingly to a normal centered position, the improvement that comprises said outside knob sleeve formed to lie in displaced relation to 'the retractor. when the centering means holds that knob sleeve in its centered position, means for locking'thei outside knob sleeve in itsdisplaced-relation to-the retractor, said outside knob sleeve and retractor by their displaced relation eifecting lost motion 'whereby shocks applied to said sleeve when lockedwill not impart bolt retracting movements to the retractor, and said centering means acting when the outside aknob sleeve is not locked to contribute yielding operationof thatsleeve prior to its impingement on the retrac torfi" V Y i.

V 8. In a lock of that class adapted for mounting on a door andhaving a sliding bolt retractor that is spring pressed in aidirection corresponding tothe thrown. posi-' tion ofthe'bolt retracted by the retractor, insideand outside rotating means extending toward the retractor from the corresponding sides of the door, surface portions on the retractor ,on which each inside and outsidemeans impinge for sliding the retractor in a retracting direction, said means including aninside and an outside knob sleeve rotating :in an .aXis lying within the retractor, the lock further having a push piece for locking the outside knob sleeve in'a normal centered position, and a dog, carried by the retractor for dogging the push piece in locking position when the retractor is in position corresponding to the thrown position of the bolt, the improvement that 7 comprises the'retractor formed with its surface portion I against which the outsiderotatingmeansimpinges parallel V to and inwardly spaced from the portion against which the inside means impinge, said portion that is inwardly.

spaced thereby lying in displaced relation to the outside rotating means when the outside knob sleeve is in its centered position, centering meanson the retractor pressing the outside knob sleeve yieldingly toward its centered position whereby to contribute yielding, operation of that sleeve prior to the impingement of the outside rotating means on the retractor when the sleeve is not locked, and said centering means by yielding effecting lost motion between the outside-rotating means and retractor whereby shocks applied to said outside means will not move the dog out of position dogging the push piece.

9. In a lock having inner and outer axially spaced apart knob spindles provided 'with rolibacks, a retractor connected with the bolt of said lock and slidably' supported for translation from an outer position with said bolt projected, to an inner position with said bolt retracted, a pair of springs urging said retractor to said outer position at all times, a pair of slide elements independently supported in said retractor for translation relative thereto and respectively engaged by said springs for urging the same outwardly of said retractor into eugagement with the rollback of said outer spindle whereby movement of said ,outer spindle relative to sai retractor shifts one or the other of said elements inwardiy of said retractor without moving said retractor.

10. In a lock having inner and outer axially spaced apart knob spindles provided with rollbacks, a retractor connected with the bolt of said lock and slidabiy supported for translation from an outer position with said 7 References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,038,907 Schlage Apr. 28,1936 2,217,131 Nilsson Oct. 8, .1940 2,299,180 Schlage Oct. 20, 1942 2,308,321 Voight Jan. '12; 1943 2,314,488 Fellows Mar. 23, .1943 2,618,955 Cerf Nov. .25, 1952 

